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dbase411.txt
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1991-03-27
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Compatibility Statement
dBASE IV v1.1 (standard edition) has been tested as compatible with
LANtastic 4.x. This bulletin has been designed to help with the
installation and setup of this product.
Installing dBASE IV
The machine on which dBASE IV will be installed must be configured
as a network server, and will be referred to as the dBASE server.
At the dBASE server, insert the INSTALL disk in the floppy drive
and from the floppy prompt type INSTALL. Follow the prompts for a
full, multi-user installation. The system will not ask for network
type, but please refer to the IBM PC LAN sections of the
documentation whenever a network related question arises. The
install program will not update the autoexec.bat or config.sys
files when installing multi-user. Borland/Ashton-Tate recommends
the following as a minimum for files and buffers in the config.sys
file: BUFFERS=15 FILES=40. The following formula can be used to
calculate the appropriate number of files: FILES = ((Number of
Nodes * 20) + 20). The DOS SHARE program should be loaded on the
server. You may want to proceed with the installation of dBASEIV
LAN Pack to add more users to your environment after dBASE IV is
installed.
Configuration
When installed, dBASE creates two directories (\DBASE and
\DBNETCTL.300) on the dBASE server. dBASE must have access to both
directories on the same drive specification. For ease of
documentation, let's use F: to denote the drive under which these
2 directories are located. Include the directories in each user's
DOS search path.
In a typical database application, multiple users will want to
share some common data files while maintaining certain user-
specific setup. dBASE IV refers to a file called Config.db for
configuration parameters. The search path for locating this
Config.db file is as follows: first dBASE IV will look at the
current directory, then the \DBASE directory and finally it will
follow the DOS search path. Thus, if each user would like to
maintain his own Config.db file, he can put the file on the local
drive of his workstation, put his local drive on his DOS search
path and make sure that there are no other Config.db file in the
\DBASE directory. Thus, it is suggested that you follow these
steps to share dBASE across the network once it has been installed
on the dBASE server.
1. Log into the dBASE server and redirect a drive designation to
the root directory. i.e.:
net login \\<server> <username> <password>
{Where <server> is the name of the dBASE server, and an
account for <username> with <password> (if applicable) has
been configured on the server}
net use f: \\<server>\<c-drive>
{Where <c-drive> is a resource which has been created on the
dBASE server for the root directory. The physical link
path may be something like c:\}
2. Set up the DOS path on your workstations as described above. It
should contain at least these 3 segments: <local drive(e.g. c:\)>,
f:\DBASE and f:\DBNETCTL.300.
3. When configuring dBASE for the first time, each workstation
should run the setup program called DBSETUP, which configures
the (local) Config.db file to set up the workstation-specific
parameters like default printers, screen display, temporary
file locations, etc.
4. To set up printers, select Printers, Drivers, press Shift-F1
to select printers and Ctrl-End to save. DBSETUP will ask for
the location of the Config.db file. Save it to the local
drive of each node.
5. Set all f:\DBASE files to read-only (using ATTRIB +r *.*).
6. To share data with other users, you can cd to the directory
containing the common data files before you start dBASE. If
that directory happens to be on a drive other than the drive
containing dBASE IV, you should invoke dBASE with the
following command:
dbase #df=f
{or dbase #df=<drive>, where <drive> is the drive containing
\DBNETCTL.300}
Disk Caching with DBCACHE
dBASE IV v1.1 standard edition does not use extended or expanded
memory, except if you choose to install DBCACHE. The DBCACHE
program (also known as Hyperdisk) provided within dBASE IV does not
improve the network data transfer rate because it doesn't cache
network drives. Borland/Ashton-Tate suggests that you move certain
system and temporary files to your local workstation to make use of
local disk caching to improve performance. Make sure that you read
all 3 of these documents before you start implementing this disk
caching utility:
1. p.1-3 of the Getting Started Manual, Disk Caching with DBCACHE.
2. p.4-5 of the Getting Started Manual, Network Installation.
3. p.6 - p.7 of the README.DOC file, which should be in the
f:\DBASE directory.
You may want to run LANcache on the server for performance
optimization at the operating system level. Please refer to p.37 -
p.51 of the LANtastic NOS Reference Manual for details on
LANcache. Both LANcache and DBCACHE can make use of extended or
expanded memory on the machine. If you are using the Artisoft
2Mbps adapter, any memory driver should be configured to exclude
the RAMBASE used by the network adapter. For example, when using
Quarterdeck's QEMM.SYS and an Artisoft 2Mbps adapter with a RAMBASE
selection of D000-D800, the config.sys file should include this
line: DEVICE=QEMM.SYS RAM X=D000-D800.
File and Record Locking
dBASE IV v1.1 provides automatic file and record locking. This
allows multiple users to simultaneously access and update different
parts of the same database file without requiring explicit file and
record locks. Locking happens in dBASE at four levels: Automatic
file locking, Automatic record locking, Explicit file locking and
Explicit record locking. Please refer to your documentation for
more information. Again, DOS SHARE must be loaded on the dBASE
server for file and record locking to function correctly.
Opening Files
A file can be opened under dBASE IV in one of two modes - exclusive
or shared. If a file is opened in exclusive mode, only one
requesting user can access the file at a time so there is no need
to lock the file or any record in the file. If a file is opened in
shared mode, multiple users on the network can access the file so
files and records should be locked before updating. The user can
change how the file is opened with the SET EXCLUSIVE command. The
default for multi-user is SET EXCLUSIVE OFF, which allows the files
to be shared. If the user reports difficulties with file sharing,
check to see that SET EXCLUSIVE is OFF.
Printing
A user may print to both a local and a redirected device through
dBASE by using the SET PRINTER command. This command can be used
to establish the actual link to a network printer. There are
several ways a printer can be configured using dBASE. The following
are two methods:
Method 1:
Issue the NET USE command through the operating system to establish
the printer connection. Tell dBASE which redirected port to send
output to. i.e.:
net use LPT1 \\<server>\@printer
-Issued from the network DOS prompt; links the <server>'s
@printer resource to LPT1.
set printer to LPT1
-Issued from the dBASE dot prompt; tells dBASE which port to
direct the output to.
Method 2:
Do not issue a NET USE command from the network and allow dBASE to
control all network printer links through the SET commands. i.e.:
For redirected printers:
set printer to \\<server>\@printer=<port>
-Issued from the dBASE dot prompt; redirects <port> (LPT1, LPT2,
etc.) to the server's
@printer resource.
For local printers (assume LPT2 is a local device):
set printer to LPT2
-Issued from the dBASE dos prompt; instructs dBASE to send the
output to that local device.
If the user establishes a printer connection via the NET USE
command prior to running dBASE, that NET USE command will override
any SET PRINTER command given afterwards, i.e., if the user issues
a net use LPT1 \\<server1>\@printer from DOS and then a set printer
\\<server2>\@printer=LPT1 from the dBASE dot prompt, the output
will be directed to <server1>'s @printer device.
Printing Problems
Earlier printing problems were reported when printing with dBASE IV
v1.1 and LANtastic 3.0. Fixes have been provided by both parties,
and users only need to choose either one (but not both) of the
options:
- Borland/Ashton-Tate provides a maintenance version (X507A) which
resolves this problem in dBASE v1.1. This version uses a DOS
environment variable (set NOXON=ON) which may interfere with
Postscript printing. ( Thus, you should only consider this option
if you are not using Postscript printing on your application. )
- The Artisoft Sales department can be contacted for an update to
LANtastic NOS 4.0, which also fixes the problem.
Security
Security may become an issue when sharing data among multiple users
on a network. dBASE IV provides a PROTECT command, which includes
three types of database protection; Log-in Security, File and field
access security, and data encryption. Once PROTECT is used, the
security system will always control access to database files. If
you decide to implement security, a user profile must be created
for each operator. There are eight user access levels, assigning
a lower number gives the user greater access privileges and
assigning a higher number limits the user's access. The access
level is established for each user in the user's profile. Please
refer to your documentation for more information on PROTECT.
Summary
This document has been designed to help with the installation and
setup of dBASE IV v1.1 (standard edition) and to provide a
guideline for trouble shooting. If a problem arises which cannot be
resolved through this bulletin, please contact our technical
support staff at (602) 293-6363. Additional support is also
available through documentation provided by Borland/Ashton-Tate.
The 1.1 Release Edition of their TechNotes/dBASE IV contains some
useful pointers under the section Transaction Processing and LANs.
Any questions or suggestions regarding this bulletin may be mailed
to our offices:
Artisoft, Inc., 691 East River Road, Tucson, AZ 85704
ATTN: Compatibility Department / dBASE IV v1.1 Support.
Vendor Info
Borland International/Ashton-Tate
Technical Support (Database)
P.O. Box 660001, Scotts Valley CA 95067-0001. (408)431-9060.